Heat exchanger design handbook by kuppan thulukkanam. There are many types of heat exchangers applied in the process industry. Alternatively a swimming pool heat exchanger uses hot water from a boiler or solar heated water circuit to heat the pool water. The shell and tube heat exchanger is designed on the basis of tube exchanger manufacturing association tema 1999 procedure. Types of heat exchangers industrial heat exchanger. Although the majority of heat exchangers used on chemical plant are shell and tube units, there are many other types available. Heat exchangers may be classified according to transfer process, construction, flow arrange ment, surface compactness, number of fluids and heat transfer mechanisms as shown in fig. May 04, 2009 heat transfer 1 heat exchangers heat transfer heat exchanger types of heat exchangers heat exchangers are classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. A heat exchanger may be defined as equipment which transfers the energy from a hot fluid to a cold fluid, with maximum rate and minimum investment and running costs. Shellandtube heat exchangers accounts for more than 50% of all heat exchangers installed. By superheating saturated steam, the temperature of the steam is increased beyond the. Any time a heat exchanger is being replaced, the opportunity should be taken to reassess if the type used is best for the given process. A heat exchanger could remove thermal energy from a fluid used in an airconditioning system or add thermal energy to a system where processes require a certain temperature to work properly. These exchangers are composed of many thin, slightly separated plates that have very large surface areas and small fluid flow passages for heat transfer.
The tubes can also be straight, with one or two passes. As in all mechanical devices, each type has its advantages and disadvantages. Different types of heat exchangers in addition, the overall heat transfer equation for the exchanger must be solved simultaneously. The types of exchangers are mainly defined by their construction and are as follows. Different types of heat exchangers work in different ways, use different flow arrangements, equipment, and design features. Air heaters air separation biogas cogeneration blower aftercoolers blown film. Combining each of these resistances in series gives. Another type of heat exchanger is the plate heat exchanger. Reason for heat exchangers a heat exchanger is a piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another hot and cold fluid. For the shellandtube heat exchangers of type bcf horizontal installation there is an ec type approval test. The superheater is a heat exchanger that overheats superheats the saturated steam. Each of these components is available in a number of standard designs.
Pdf heat exchangers are used to transfer heat between two sources. The most basic and the most common type of heat exchanger construction is the shell and tube type. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between. The simplest and cheapest type of shell and tube exchanger is with.
This has a major advantage over a conventional heat exchanger in that the fluids are exposed to a much larger surface area because the fluids spread out over the plates. Additionally, heat exchangers may be classified according to the type of fluid used liquidtoliquid. Devices involving energy sources such as nuclear fuel pins or fired heaters are not normally regarded as heat exchangers although many of the principles. Doublepipe heat exchanger one fluid flows through the smaller pipe while the other fluid flows through the annular space between the two pipes.
Contents preface li acknowledgments liii author lv chapter1 heatexchangers. The shellandtube heat exchanger is composed of a shell containing a large number of tubes. Heat exchangers are used in both cooling and heating processes. Comparison of heat exchanger types each of the three types of heat exchangers parallel, cross and counter flow has advantages and disadvantages. Due to the custom nature of all xchanger heat exchangers, this manual discusses the characteristics and procedures that are common to all exchangers. Heat transfer heat exchanger types of heat exchangers. Without a radiator which is a heat exchanger, vehicles would quickly overheat. Types of heat exchangers used on ship marine insight.
The characteristics of brazed plate heat exchangers with. This heat exchanger consists of two concentric pipes of different diameters. Example of a tube design combining longitudinal seam welding and folding which is. In this type the same space is occupied by the hot and cold fluid between which heat is exchanged. Upper bar head column follower plate package lower bar tie bolts. There are a variety of methods of inspecting or testing heat exchangers. Engines in cars, ships, and planes use heat exchangers to work more efficiently, gas. Heat exchanger is a device for transferring heat from one medium to another.
The resulting blend is left in a blending tank for a sufficient period of time to allow for. Types of heat exchangers classification of heat exchangers. Heat exchanger application an overview sciencedirect. The plates themselves are available in different geo metries and patterns as well as choice of materials.
Mar 18, 2017 revised and updated with new problem sets and examples, heat exchangers. Classification of heat exchangers according to different. Design and numerical parametric study of fractal heat. Different types of shell and tube designs are possible. No parameter dimension 1 type of heat exchanger 11 pass shell and tube 2 shell diameter 0. Warranty and service contact information is also included. Lewis, in heat exchanger equipment field manual, 20. But of the three, the counter flow heat exchanger design is the most efficient when comparing heat transfer rate per unit surface area. There are two inputs and two outputs, and the spaces between plates alternate between the two liquids hot, cold, hot, cold, etc. The type of flow in such narrow passages, whic h is associated with the choice of the most appropriate flow model for cfd simulation, is still an open issue in the literature. Tema heat exchanger designations front end head types part 1 of 3 shell and tube heat exchangrs can be divided into three major parts, these parts are the front head, shell section, and rear head. Fixed tubesheet exchanger nonremovable tube bundle. If the heat exchangers were builttoorder, it carried an alphanumeric number called a qnumber.
These newer types of heat exchangers have benefited from advances in furnaces, atmospheres and filler metals. A plate fin heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that uses metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids. Amongst of all type of exchangers, shell and tube exchangers are most commonly used heat exchange equipment. A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between two or more fluids. The type of heat exchanger used for a particular usage depends on the application and requirement. Heat exchangers in municipal wastewater treatment plants. In heat exchanger applications, stainless steel finned tubes are often required for the optimum design for a specific application. The heat transfer surface is a surface of the exchanger core that is in direct. In a heat exchanger there is no direct contact between the two fluids. Direct heat exchanger, where both media are in direct contact with each other. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a fluid, at different temperatures and in thermal contact. These are also known as recuperators heat exchangers. Any time heat, cool air, or refrigeration are required, a heat exchanger has to be involved to dissipate the heat to the ambient.
Heat exchangers doehdbk1018 193 types of heat exchangers. The funke heat exchangers of this model series correspond to the pressure equipment directive 97 23 ec ped pursuant to article 3, paragraph 3 and therefore are never given a ce mark. Many types of heat exchangers have been developed for use in steam power plants, chemical processing plants, building heat and air conditioning systems, transportation power systems, and. Most direct contact heat exchangers fall under the gas liquid category, where heat is transferred between a gas and liquid in the form of drops, films or sprays. Xchanger is a leading manufacturer with over 25,000 heat exchangers installed world wide. Types of heat exchangers classification nuclear power. Plate heat exchangers may be selected for their high thermal efficiency and minimum capital investment. Effectiveness, heat transfer, helical tube, turbulence, counter current i. However, in many cases, there are more attractive alternatives in terms of cost and energy recovery. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power stations, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural. Due to the relatively high pressure drop, compared to shellandtube heat exchangers for equivalent. Also the tube type heat exchanger is the most common type of heat exchanger used in the process of petroleum, chemical and marine industries intended for heat exchange processes in fluids kottket and li, 1998.
The heat in the gas is transferred into a liquid, usually water or a thermal oil. Cross or counter flow as per their construction materials 1. Heat exchangers comparison compare different heat exchangers. The heated liquid can be then used in an application where you would normally use even more energy to heat it up. This type of heat exchanger is designed to allow a large heat transfer surface area per unit volume. Heat exchangers are typically classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. Shell and tube heat exchangers are our primary product line and comprise over 90% of our orders.
Different types of heat exchangers are used onboard a ship. Alfa laval has signed an agreement to divest the major part of its greenhouse activity, to the luve group. For the heat transfer to occur two fluids must be at different temperatures and they must come thermal contact. The rate of change of angular momentum in the limit. The heat exchanger consists of a frame plate head, a pressure plate follower, a carrying bar, a lower bar and a column. Types of heat exchanger, process design of shell and tube heat exchanger, condenser, and reboilers. Heat exchanger and its types engineering solutions. When flow of fluid is periodic then it is known as regenerative type heat exchangers. Specifying plateandframe heat exchangers engineers often fail to realize the differences between heat transfer technologies when preparing a speci.
Heat exchangers a heat exchanger is a system designed to transfer heat between two fluids to control the temperature of one of the fluids. Tie clamping bolts are used to press the plate package together. How to achieve more compact heat exchangers high thermal efficiency balance between enhanced heat transfer and. Download a heat exchanger spec sheet for your hts quote here. This can be as simple as a standard heat sink or a complex metal structure used in liquid cooling. Such exchangers are referred to as the direct transfer type, or simply recuperators. Clad fin stock for condensers clad header plates and side plates for various types of heat exchangers. One thing that all heat exchangers have in common is that they all function to directly or indirectly expose a warmer medium to a cooler medium, hence, exchanging heat. Such types of heat exchangers are used predominantly in air conditioning, humidification, industrial hot water heating, water cooling and condensing plants. Without heat exchangers, many of the products that we use today would not be possible. Two approaches to heat exchanger design that will be discussed are the lmtd method and the effec. If a heat exchanger was built to the factory standard design, it carried a six digit number, the first three being the commodity code indicating the type of unit. May 04, 2015 heat exchangers heat exchangers are one of the most common pieces of equipment found in all plants. There are many areas on a heat exchanger that you can not get to for visual inspections while the heat exchanger is in the furnace.
It is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy from one body or fluid stream to another heat exchanger seminar ppt with pdf report heat exchangers are found widely scattered throughout the food process industry. A third type of heat exchanger is a plate and shell heat exchanger, which combines plate heat exchanger with shell and tube heat exchanger technologies. Heat exchangers 73 individual thermal resistances of the system. This type of heat exchanger consists of a set of tubes in a container called a shell. These devices can be used widely both in daily life and industrial applications such as steam generators in thermal power plants, distillers in chemical industry, evaporators and condensers in hvac applications and refrigeration process, heat sinks, automobile radiators and regenerators. Aa, bg, c, d, hp, hr, lc, and tv series heat exchangers. Heat exchangers are components that allow the transfer of heat from one fluid liquid or gas to another fluid. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. In industries, heat exchangers are used in industrial process to recover heat between two process fluids. There are various types of heat exchangers available in the industry, however the shell and tube type heat exchanger is probably the most used and widespread type of the. In general, for the calculation and design of the different components of heat exchangers, in this document the criteria set by tema code is.
The heat exchange efficiency of the finning depends on good heat conduction across the joint between the fin and tube interfaces. Shell and tube exchangers have several different configurations with different types of heads and shells. Heat exchangers, cross flow, parallel flow, and counter flow. Shahnazari a heat exchanger transfers heat from one fluid to another. The fabrication of these two types of heat exchangers requires different. Heat exchanger is a device which provides a flow of thermal energy between two or more fluids at different temperatures. The ratio of the heat transfer surface area of a heat exchanger to its volume is called the area density heat exchangers with. Finned tube heat exchangers are often used for heat recovery in processes that exhaust hot gasses. Beyond the variants mentioned above, other types available include air cooled heat exchangers, fan cooled heat exchangers, and adiabatic wheel heat exchangers. Innovations for the manufacture of industrial heat exchangers.
R sekulib university of kentucky introduction a heat exchanger is a device that is used for transfer of thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a. Selection, rating, and thermal design, third edition presents a systematic treatment of the various types of heat exchangers, focusing on selection, thermalhydraulic design, and rating. Other articles where plate heat exchanger is discussed. Because the cooler fluid exists the counter flow heat exchanger at the end where the hot fluid enters the heat exchanger, the cooler fluid will approach the inlet temperature of the hot fluid. Almost all the systems onboard ship depends on heat exchanger where the fluid is either cooled or heated. The fluids can be single or two phase and, depending on the exchanger type, may be separated or in direct contact. Allwelded compact heat exchangers are very compact compared to shell andtube heat. Heat exchangers in boilers sebastian teir, anne jokivuori.
Wine and fruit juices are normally deaerated prior to pasteurization in order to remove oxygen and minimize oxidative deterioration of the products. This is usually accomplished by using a set of tubes. Types of heat exchangers shell and tube, plate type. We have the ability to rate, design, and fabricate all types of tema exchangers in a wide range of materials and process conditions. Put simply, a heat exchanger is a device which transfers heat from one medium to another, a hydraulic oil cooler or example will remove heat from hot oil by using cold water or air.
Pdf heat exchanger types and classifications researchgate. It is taken for granted that the media are not mixed together. The heat pipe based heat exchanger applications were discussed by amir faghri 4 in his book. Alfa laval alfa laval has signed an agreement to divest. The size and number is depending on the type of heat exchanger. Heat exchangers have widespread industrial and domestic applications. Double pipe heat exchanger simplest heat exchanger. The engineer may have little knowledge of the attributes of these other types so is not able to make a reasonable. Due to the different types of applications for heat exchanges, different types of hardware and different configurations of heat exchanges are required. A heat exchanger is a device built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. Finned tubes are generally produced by helically winding strip on to tubes, fig. Composite heat exchangers combine the best features of their parent. This heat exchanger has application in preheating for steam power plants, blast furnaces and oxygen producers etc.
A plate type heat exchanger, as illustrated in figure 2, consists of plates instead of tubes to separate the hot and cold fluids. Design and fabrication of shell and tube heat exchanger. For heat exchangers, different types of rolled as well as extruded aluminium products are used. Oil cooling oil of the engine main lubrication circuit, the manual and automatic. A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. Advances in gasket and brazing technology have made the plate type heat exchanger increasingly practical. The hot and cold fluids alternate between each of the plates. Jul 01, 2016 each of the fluids enter the heat exchanger from opposite ends. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power plants, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural gas processing and. Our ten types of heat exchangers are proven, field tested designs, and each. The pass partitions are near full thickness with no mechanical or. An example of this type of heat exchanger is a cooling tower, where water is cooled through direct contact with air. Alfa laval a world leader in heat transfer, centrifugal separation and fluid handling has signed an umbrella agreement with the luve group to sell parts of its air heat exchanger business, related to commercialindustrial air heat exchangers, currently placed in the. In actuality, most large heat exchangers are not purely parallel flow, counter flow, or cross flow.
Heat exchanger is a process equipment designed for the effective transfer of heat energy between two fluids. Shellandtube heat exchangers are the most widely used heat exchangers in process industries because of their. Heat exchangers are devices that transfer energy between fluids at different temperatures by heat transfer. Alfa laval alfa laval has signed an agreement to divest the. Chapter 5 heat exchangers faculty of engineering and. Pdf selection of heat exchanger types gerard hawkins. Heat exchanger selection considerations while there are a wide variety of heat exchangers available, the suitability of each type and its design in transferring heat between fluids is dependent on the specifications and requirements of the application. Heat exchangers doehdbk1018193 types of heat exchangers. Searching documents and internet sources the following is what i found on heat exchanger inspection methods and sources. Each type, however, is considered for very different reasons. Lewin heat exchanger design lecture objectives nbe familiar with the major types of available heat exchange equipment, with particular emphasis on shellandtube heat exchangers. Comparison of heat exchanger types china stainless steel.
In a single pass heat exchanger, the fluid goes into one end of a tube and out the other. A heat exchanger is a heat transfer device that exchanges heat between two or more process fluids. Pdf a heat exchanger is a heat transfer device that exchanges heat between two or more process fluids. The application of heat transfer is in designing heat transfer equipment for exchanging heat from one fluid to another. Heat exchangers are integral to thermal management. A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between two or more fluids. Their are many types of heat exchanger as per their flow arrangement 1. Platetype heat exchangers consist of a large number of thin, vertical steel plates that. This has resulted to different designs of heart exchangers which includes and not limited to. Many types of heat exchangers have been developed for use in steam. John richard thome ltcm sgm epfl heat transfer heat exchanger design 1er mars 2008 4 41. Plate and frame heat exchanger plate heat exchangers plate heat exchangers are constructed with a series of plates held together in a large frame.
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